Translation and Cultural Adaptation to Portuguese of the Long Head of Biceps Tendon Score.

Objective To translate and culturally adapt the Long Head of Biceps Tendon (LHB) score into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods The process involved translations by professionals fluent in the target language, followed by independent back translations. Next, a committee compared the original and translated versions, pretested the final version, and concluded it. Results We translated and adapted the questionnaire according to the proposed methodology. In the first version in Portuguese (VP1) there was divergence regarding the translation of twelve terms. Compared to the original version, the back translation of VP1 presented eight diverging terms. A committee prepared a second version in Portuguese (VP2) and applied it to a pretest group consisting of 30 participants. Finally, we conceived the third version in Portuguese, called LHB-pt. Conclusion The translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the LBH score was successfully accomplished.

Translation and Cultural Adaptation to Portuguese of the Long Head of Biceps Tendon Score / Tradução e adaptação cultural à língua portuguesa do Long Head Biceps Score

Abstract Objective To translate and culturally adapt the Long Head of Biceps Tendon (LHB) score into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods The process involved translations by professionals fluent in the target language, followed by independent back translations. Next, a committee compared the original and translated versions, pretested the final version, and concluded it. Results We translated and adapted the questionnaire according to the proposed methodology. In the first version in Portuguese (VP1) there was divergence regarding the translation of twelve terms. Compared to the original version, the back translation of VP1 presented eight diverging terms. A committee prepared a second version in Portuguese (VP2) and applied it to a pretest group consisting of 30 participants. Finally, we conceived the third version in Portuguese, called LHB-pt. Conclusion The translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the LBH score was successfully accomplished.

Correlation of Physical Examination with Arthroscopic Findings in the Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tear.

Objective To compare clinical data from the physical examination with arthroscopic findings in rotator cuff rupture. Methods A total of 177 patients submitted to arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff rupture were selected, and arthroscopic findings were compared with physical examination. Results The impingement tests showed high sensitivity for rotator cuff rupture. Among the strength tests, the most sensitive was the Patte test (85.7%), and the one with the highest positive predictive value (PPV) was the Jobe test (95%). The Drop Sign test showed higher specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) (98.7 and 95.9%, respectively). Patients with a history of trauma were 3.5 times more likely to have a positive Lift Off test. Conclusion The impingement tests had high sensitivity for rotator cuff ruptures. The Jobe test showed similar sensitivity among patients who had partial or total supraspinal injury. For complete lesions of the subscapularis, The Lift Off and Belly Press tests showed high sensitivity and specificity.

Arthroscopic Bankart Procedure: Clinical Outcomes with a Minimum Follow-Up of 10 Years.

Objective To evaluate the functional outcome of patients submitted to arthroscopic Bankart repair in the long-term. Methods Retrospective evaluation of 41 patients (45 shoulders) operated between 1996 and 2009 followed-up for a mean period of 14.89 years. Functional scores were analyzed by the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Carter-Rowe scores, physical examination, and analysis of medical records. Results The Carter-Rowe score showed an average improvement of 46.11 points, with a final average of 85.89 points, and the UCLA score showed an average improvement of 31.33 points. Ten patients (22.22%) relapsed, with the number of preoperative dislocations being the most correlated factor. Conclusion It was demonstrated that the number of preoperative dislocations negatively influenced the failure rate.

Arthroscopic Bankart Procedure: Clinical Outcomes with a Minimum Follow-Up of 10 Years / Cirurgia de Bankart artroscópica: Resultados clínicos com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos

Abstract Objective To evaluate the functional outcome of patients submitted to arthroscopic Bankart repair in the long-term. Methods Retrospective evaluation of 41 patients (45 shoulders) operated between 1996 and 2009 followed-up for a mean period of 14.89 years. Functional scores were analyzed by the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Carter-Rowe scores, physical examination, and analysis of medical records. Results The Carter-Rowe score showed an average improvement of 46.11 points, with a final average of 85.89 points, and the UCLA score showed an average improvement of 31.33 points. Ten patients (22.22%) relapsed, with the number of preoperative dislocations being the most correlated factor. Conclusion It was demonstrated that the number of preoperative dislocations negatively influenced the failure rate.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o desfecho funcional dos pacientes submetidos ao reparo de Bankart artroscópico no longo prazo. Métodos Avaliação retrospectiva de 41 pacientes (45 ombros) operados entre 1996 e 2009 acompanhados por um período médio de 14,89 anos. Foram feitas análises das pontuações funcionais de University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) e Carter-Rowe, exame físico e análises de prontuários. Resultados O escore Carter-Rowe apresentou melhora média de 46,11 pontos, com média final de 85,89 pontos, e o UCLA apresentou melhora de 31,33 pontos. Um total de 10 pacientes (22,22%) apresentou recidiva, sendo o número de luxações pré- operatórias o fator mais correlacionado. Conclusão Foi demonstrado que o número de luxações pré-operatórias influenciou negativamente na taxa de falha.

Correlation of Physical Examination with Arthroscopic Findings in the Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tear / Correlação do exame físico com achados artroscópicos no tratamento da ruptura do manguito rotador

Abstract Objective To compare clinical data from the physical examination with arthroscopic findings in rotator cuff rupture. Methods A total of 177 patients submitted to arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff rupture were selected, and arthroscopic findings were compared with physical examination. Results The impingement tests showed high sensitivity for rotator cuff rupture. Among the strength tests, the most sensitive was the Patte test (85.7%), and the one with the highest positive predictive value (PPV) was the Jobe test (95%). The Drop Sign test showed higher specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) (98.7 and 95.9%, respectively). Patients with a history of trauma were 3.5 times more likely to have a positive Lift Off test. Conclusion The impingement tests had high sensitivity for rotator cuff ruptures. The Jobe test showed similar sensitivity among patients who had partial or total supraspinal injury. For complete lesions of the subscapularis, The Lift Off and Belly Press tests showed high sensitivity and specificity.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar dados clínicos do exame físico com os achados artroscópicos na ruptura do manguito rotador. Métodos Foram selecionados 177 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento artroscópico de ruptura do manguito rotador e foram comparados os achados artroscópicos com o exame físico. Resultados Os testes irritativos de impacto apresentaram alta sensibilidade para ruptura do manguito rotador. Dentre os testes de força, o de maior sensibilidade foi o teste de Patte (85,7%) e o de maior valor preditivo positivo (VPP) foi o teste de Jobe (95%). O teste Drop Sign apresentou maior especificidade e valor preditivo negativo (VPN) (98,7 e 95,9%, respectivamente). Pacientes com história de trauma possuíam 3,5 vezes mais chances de apresentarem o teste Lift Off positivo. Conclusão Os testes irritativos tiveram alta sensibilidade para rupturas do manguito rotador. O teste de Jobe apresentou sensibilidade semelhante entre os pacientes que tinham lesão parcial ou total do supraespinhal. Para as lesões completas do subescapular, as testes Lift Off e Belly Press apresentaram alta sensibilidade e especificidade.

Protocol of BRICS: Brazilian multicentric pragmatic randomised trial of surgical interventions for displaced diaphyseal clavicle fracture study: MIPO versus ORIF for the treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

INTRODUCTION: Fractures of the diaphysis of the clavicle are common; however, treatment guidelines for this condition are lacking. Surgery is associated with a lower risk of non-union and better functional outcomes but a higher risk of complications. Open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws are the most commonly performed techniques, but they are associated with paraesthesia in the areas of incisions, extensive surgical exposure and high rates of implant removal. Minimally invasive techniques for treating these fractures have a lower rate of complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate which surgical treatment option (minimally invasive osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation) has better prognosis in terms of complications and reoperations. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study proposed is a multicentric, pragmatic, randomised, open-label, superiority clinical trial between minimally invasive osteosynthesis and open reduction and internal fixation for surgical treatment of patients with displaced fractures of the clavicle shaft. In the proposed study, 190 individuals with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures, who require surgery as treatment, will be randomised. The assessment will occur at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks, respectively. The primary outcome of the study will be the number of complications and reoperations. For sample size calculation, a moderate effective size between the techniques was considered in a two-tailed test, with 95% confidence and 90% power. Complications include cases of infection, hypertrophic scarring, non-union, refracture, implant failure, hypoesthesia, skin irritation and shoulder pain. Reoperations are defined as the number of surgeries for pseudoarthrosis, implant failure, infection and elective removal of the implant. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Study approved by the institutional ethics committee (number 34249120.9.0000.5505-V.3). The results will be disseminated by publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations in medical meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-3czz68)/UTN U1111-1257-8953.

Influence of the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss on the apprehension test for shoulder instability.

BACKGROUND: The investigation of Hill-Sachs and bony Bankart lesions continues to evolve. Patients with large bone lesions can present with a positive apprehension test even at ranges below 45° of abduction and external rotation of the shoulder. Modern concepts, such as glenoid track and quantification of glenoid bone loss, have been increasingly applied to shoulder instability. The objective of this study was to assess the correlation of the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss on the apprehension test conducted at 0°, 45°, and 90° of shoulder abduction. METHODS: Ninety-four shoulders of 90 patients with anterior glenohumeral instability were retrospectively assessed. The apprehension test was performed at 0°, 45°, and 90° of shoulder abduction. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or magnetic resonance arthrogram scans were performed to calculate the glenoid track and glenoid bone loss. A descriptive analysis, an association analysis, and a logistic regression analysis were used in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of glenoid track and glenoid bone loss when the apprehension test was positive in lower degrees of abduction. RESULTS: A positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction revealed significant association with off-track lesions, glenoid bone losses greater than 13.5%, and bipolar bone lesions. Shoulders classified as off-track were 36.4 times more likely to test positive at 0°, 45°, and 90° than on-track shoulders. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction seems to be more influenced by off-track lesions than by glenoid bone loss greater than the 13.5% threshold. CONCLUSION: Shoulders with a positive apprehension test at 0°, 45°, and 90° are significantly associated with off-track lesions, bipolar bone lesions, and glenoid bone losses greater than 13.5%.

Captured Rotator Cuff: A Poor Prognostic Factor in Rotator Cuff Repair.

Objective To describe a new presentation of tears and retears of the rotator cuff, which we denominate captured rotator cuff (CRC). We also aim to evaluate it clinically and through images. Methods We assessed retrospectively 16 patients with intraoperative diagnosis of CRC between March 2005 and September 2017; by means of imaging (radiography and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and functional scores (UCLA and Constant & Murley). In images we analyzed the evolution for rotator cuff arthropathy and presence of retears. Functionally, we compared the affected side with the contralateral side and extensive lesions with nonextensive. Results Five (31.25%) patients presented with rotator cuff arthropathy, and 10 (62.5%) with retears. Three (75%) patients with nonextensive lesions had good/excellent UCLA and Constant & Murley scores. In patients with extensive lesions, when the Constant & Murley score was evaluated, 6 (50%) presented good/excellent results, and in the UCLA score, 7 (58.3%). Comparing the affected side (Constant 74.72 points; UCLA 20 points) with the contralateral side (Constant 96.96 points; UCLA 25.63 points), there were worse functional results with statistical significance. Conclusion The diagnosis of CRC is suspected by characteristic findings on MRI and confirmed in arthroscopy. The affected shoulders present worse functional postoperative scores.

Captured Rotator Cuff: A Poor Prognostic Factor in Rotator Cuff Repair / Manguito capturado: Um fator de mau prognóstico no reparo do manguito rotador

Abstract Objective To describe a new presentation of tears and retears of the rotator cuff, which we denominate captured rotator cuff (CRC). We also aim to evaluate it clinically and through images. Methods We assessed retrospectively 16 patients with intraoperative diagnosis of CRC between March 2005 and September 2017; by means of imaging (radiography and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and functional scores (UCLA and Constant & Murley). In images we analyzed the evolution for rotator cuff arthropathy and presence of retears. Functionally, we compared the affected side with the contralateral side and extensive lesions with nonextensive. Results Five (31.25%) patients presented with rotator cuff arthropathy, and 10 (62.5%) with retears. Three (75%) patients with nonextensive lesions had good/excellent UCLA and Constant & Murley scores. In patients with extensive lesions, when the Constant & Murley score was evaluated, 6 (50%) presented good/excellent results, and in the UCLA score, 7 (58.3%). Comparing the affected side (Constant 74.72 points; UCLA 20 points) with the contralateral side (Constant 96.96 points; UCLA 25.63 points), there were worse functional results with statistical significance. Conclusion The diagnosis of CRC is suspected by characteristic findings on MRI and confirmed in arthroscopy. The affected shoulders present worse functional postoperative scores.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever uma nova apresentação de ruptura e rerruptura do manguito rotador (MR), a qual denominamos manguito capturado (MC). Objetivamos também avaliá-la clinicamente e por meio de imagens. Métodos Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 16 pacientes com diagnóstico intraoperatório de MC no período de março de 2005 a setembro de 2017; por meio de exames de imagem (radiografia e ressonância magnética [RM]) e escores funcionais (UCLA e Constant & Murley). Nas imagens, analisamos a evolução para artropatia do manguito rotador e presença de rerrupturas. Funcionalmente, comparamos o lado afetado com o contralateral e as lesões extensas com nãoextensas. Resultados Cinco (31,25%) pacientes evoluíram com artropatia do manguito rotador e 10 (62,5%) tiveram rerrupturas. Três (75%) pacientes com lesões não extensas tiveram UCLA e Constant & Murley bons/excelentes. Nos pacientes com lesões extensas, quando avaliado Constant & Murley, 6 (50%) apresentaram resultados bons/excelentes, e no escore UCLA, 7 (58,3%). Comparando o lado acometido (Constant 74,72 pontos; UCLA 20 pontos) com o contralateral (Constant 96,96 pontos; UCLA 25,63 pontos), houve pior resultado funcional com significância estatística. Conclusão O diagnóstico de MC é suspeitado por achados característicos na RM e confirmado na artroscopia. Os ombros acometidos apresentam piores escores funcionais pós-operatórios.

Shoulder Arthroplasty: Tenotomy of the Subscapularis Tendon versus the Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy.

Objective To evaluate and compare subscapular muscle function among patients undergoing subscapular tenotomy (Group A) and lesser tuberosity osteotomy (Group B), in patients treated with total and partial anatomic shoulder arthroplasty for primary osteoarthrosis. Methods Retrospective study of patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthrosis surgically undergoing total or partial anatomic shoulder prosthesis implant, evaluated by clinical examination, imaging exams, analogue pain scale and Constant and Murley functional score. A total of 28 patients were evaluated, totalizing a sample of 32 operated shoulders. The minimum follow-up was of 12 months (mean 47.45 months). Results Among patients submitted to subscapularis tendon tenotomy, 10 had an ultrasound with total rupture of its thickness (56%). All of the patients of the group B showed lesser tuberosity healing. There was no difference between groups comparing strength evaluated by Belly press and Bear hug tests as well as clinical outcome, through the Constant and Murley score. Conclusions We did not find differences between Groups A and B evidenciated by comparing strength in the Lift-off test, in the Belly press and Bear hug tests and through he Constant and Murley score.

Shoulder Arthroplasty: Tenotomy of the Subscapularis Tendon versus the Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy / Artroplastia de ombro: tenotomia do subescapular versus osteotomia do tubérculo menor

Abstract Objective To evaluate and compare subscapular muscle function among patients undergoing subscapular tenotomy (Group A) and lesser tuberosity osteotomy (Group B), in patients treated with total and partial anatomic shoulder arthroplasty for primary osteoarthrosis. Methods Retrospective study of patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthrosis surgically undergoing total or partial anatomic shoulder prosthesis implant, evaluated by clinical examination, imaging exams, analogue pain scale and Constant and Murley functional score. A total of 28 patients were evaluated, totalizing a sample of 32 operated shoulders. The minimum follow-up was of 12 months (mean 47.45 months). Results Among patients submitted to subscapularis tendon tenotomy, 10 had an ultrasound with total rupture of its thickness (56%). All of the patients of the group B showed lesser tuberosity healing. There was no difference between groups comparing strength evaluated by Belly press and Bear hug tests as well as clinical outcome, through the Constant and Murley score. Conclusions We did not find differences between Groups A and B evidenciated by comparing strength in the Lift-off test, in the Belly press and Bear hug tests and through he Constant and Murley score.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar e comparar a função do músculo subescapular entre os grupos submetidos a tenotomia do subescapular (Grupo A) e osteotomia do tubérculo menor (Grupo B), em pacientes tratados por artroplastia anatômica total e parcial de ombros apresentando osteoartrose primária. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes portadores de osteoartrose primária glenoumeral tratados cirurgicamente com prótese anatômica total ou parcial de ombro, avaliados por exame clínico, exames de imagens, escala visual analógica de dor e escore funcional de Constant e Murley. Foram avaliados 28 pacientes, totalizando uma amostra de 32 ombros operados. O seguimento mínimo foi de 12 meses (média 47,45 meses). Resultados Nos pacientes submetidos à tenotomia do tendão subescapular, dez obtiveram resultado ultrassonográfico com ruptura de sua espessura total (56%). A consolidação ocorreu em todos pacientes submetidos a osteotomia do tubérculo menor. Não houve diferença entre os grupos na comparação do teste Lift Off, da força nos testes Belly Press e Bear hug, e no escore de Constant e Murley. Conclusões Não encontramos diferença entre os grupos A e B na comparação do teste Lift Off, da força nos testes Belly Press e Bear hug, e no escore de Constant e Murley.

Functional outcomes of traumatic and non-traumatic rotator cuff tears after arthroscopic repair.

AIM: To compare the functional outcomes of traumatic and non-traumatic rotator cuff tears after arthroscopic repair. METHODS: Eighty-seven patients with rotator cuff tears following arthroscopic treatment were divided into traumatic and non-traumatic tear groups. Postoperative muscle strength and outcomes using the modified University of California, Los Angeles score were evaluated. Sex, age, affected limb and dominant limb were correlated between groups. Muscle strength of the repaired and unaffected shoulders was compared. Rotator cuff injury size was measured. RESULTS: Of the 87 patients who underwent rotator cuff repairs, 35 had traumatic tears and 52 had non-traumatic tears. In patients with non-traumatic tears, the average age was 59 years, 74.5% were female, 96.1% were right-hand dominant and 92.3% had their dominant shoulder affected. Patients with traumatic tears were 59.5 years old on average, 51.4% were female, 91.4% were right-hand dominant and 88.5% had their dominant shoulder affected. No difference existed in the mean modified University of California, Los Angeles score between patients with traumatic tears (33.7) compared with those with non-traumatic tears (32.8). No strength differences were observed between groups: The strength difference between the non-affected and affected sides was 1.21 kg in the non-traumatic group and 1.39 kg in the traumatic group (P = 0.576), while the strength ratio between the non-affected/affected sides was 0.805 in the non-traumatic group and 0.729 in the traumatic group (P = 0.224). CONCLUSION: The functional results of traumatic rotator cuff repairs are similar to non-traumatic tears. Both outcomes are satisfactory.

Functional outcome after arthroscopic repair of triple shoulder instability.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional outcomes of patients submitted to arthroscopic repair of triple labral lesion. METHODS: This was an analytical retrospective study of patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment of triple labral lesion from March 2005 to December 2014. Patients with at least one year of postoperative follow-up were included. A total of nine patients were evaluated. The mean age was 32.3 years and the dominant side was affected in five patients. Patients were functionally assessed regarding the range of motion (ROM) in elevation, external rotation with the arm close to the body the arm in abduction of 90°, and internal rotation, and by the Carter-Rowe score. The degree of satisfaction was assessed at the end of the follow-up period. RESULTS: Three patients had less than five episodes of instability, four patients had between five and ten episodes, and two patients had more than ten episodes. Seven patients had positive O'Brien test for SLAP lesions and positive apprehension test in abduction and external rotation, and only one patient had apprehension in adduction and internal rotation. Three patients persisted with positive O'Brien test and one with apprehension in abduction and external rotation at the end of follow-up. The range of motion was complete in all cases. The median Carter-Rowe score increased from 40 preoperatively to 90 (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic repair of triple labral lesions allows for the restoration of the stability of the glenohumeral joint, achieving excellent functional results.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados funcionais dos pacientes submetidos a reparo artroscópico da tríplice lesão labral do ombro. MÉTODOS: Estudo analítico retrospectivo de pacientes com tríplice lesão labral do ombro, submetidos a tratamento artroscópico de março de 2005 a dezembro de 2014. Foram incluídos pacientes com pelo menos um ano de seguimento pós-operatório. Nove pacientes foram avaliados. A média foi de 32,3 anos e o lado dominante foi afetado em cinco pacientes. Os pacientes foram avaliados funcionalmente por meio da amplitude de movimento em elevação, rotação externa com o braço junto ao corpo e com o braço em abdução de 90°, rotação interna e por meio do escore de Carter-Rowe. O grau de satisfação foi avaliado no fim do seguimento. RESULTADOS: Três pacientes tiveram menos de cinco episódios de instabilidade, quatro entre cinco e dez e dois mais de dez. Sete pacientes tiveram teste de O'Brien positivo para lesão do lábio superior de anterior para posterior (Slap, do inglês superior labrum anterior to posterior lesion) e apreensão em abdução e rotação externa positiva; apenas um apresentou apreensão em adução e rotação interna. Três pacientes persistiram com teste de O'Brien positivo e um com apreensão em abdução e rotação externa no fim do seguimento. A amplitude de movimento esteve completa em todos os casos na última avaliação. A média do escore de Carter-Rowe aumentou de 40 no pré-operatório para 90 (p = 0,008). CONCLUSÃO: O reparo artroscópico da tríplice lesão labral permite restaurar a estabilidade da articulação glenoumeral e alcança excelentes resultados funcionais.

Functional outcome after arthroscopic repair of triple shoulder instability / Resultado funcional após reparo artroscópico da tríplice instabilidade do ombro

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional outcomes of patients submitted to arthroscopic repair of triple labral lesion. METHODS: This was an analytical retrospective study of patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment of triple labral lesion from March 2005 to December 2014. Patients with at least one year of postoperative follow-up were included. A total of nine patients were evaluated. The mean age was 32.3 years and the dominant side was affected in five patients. Patients were functionally assessed regarding the range of motion (ROM) in elevation, external rotation with the arm close to the body the arm in abduction of 90°, and internal rotation, and by the Carter-Rowe score. The degree of satisfaction was assessed at the end of the follow-up period. RESULTS: Three patients had less than five episodes of instability, four patients had between five and ten episodes, and two patients had more than ten episodes. Seven patients had positive O'Brien test for SLAP lesions and positive apprehension test in abduction and external rotation, and only one patient had apprehension in adduction and internal rotation. Three patients persisted with positive O'Brien test and one with apprehension in abduction and external rotation at the end of follow-up. The range of motion was complete in all cases. The median Carter-Rowe score increased from 40 preoperatively to 90 (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic repair of triple labral lesions allows for the restoration of the stability of the glenohumeral joint, achieving excellent functional results.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados funcionais dos pacientes submetidos a reparo artroscópico da tríplice lesão labral do ombro. MÉTODOS: Estudo analítico retrospectivo de pacientes com tríplice lesão labral do ombro, submetidos a tratamento artroscópico de março de 2005 a dezembro de 2014. Foram incluídos pacientes com pelo menos um ano de seguimento pós-operatório. Nove pacientes foram avaliados. A média foi de 32,3 anos e o lado dominante foi afetado em cinco pacientes. Os pacientes foram avaliados funcionalmente por meio da amplitude de movimento em elevação, rotação externa com o braço junto ao corpo e com o braço em abdução de 90°, rotação interna e por meio do escore de Carter-Rowe. O grau de satisfação foi avaliado no fim do seguimento. RESULTADOS: Três pacientes tiveram menos de cinco episódios de instabilidade, quatro entre cinco e dez e dois mais de dez. Sete pacientes tiveram teste de O'Brien positivo para lesão do lábio superior de anterior para posterior (Slap, do inglês superior labrum anterior to posterior lesion) e apreensão em abdução e rotação externa positiva; apenas um apresentou apreensão em adução e rotação interna. Três pacientes persistiram com teste de O'Brien positivo e um com apreensão em abdução e rotação externa no fim do seguimento. A amplitude de movimento esteve completa em todos os casos na última avaliação. A média do escore de Carter-Rowe aumentou de 40 no pré-operatório para 90 (p = 0,008) . CONCLUSÃO: O reparo artroscópico da tríplice lesão labral permite restaurar a estabilidade da articulação glenoumeral e alcança excelentes resultados funcionais.

Evaluation of functional results from shoulders after arthroscopic repair of complete rotator cuff tears associated with traumatic anterior dislocation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopic rotator cuff fixation and, when present, simultaneous repair of the Bankart lesion caused by traumatic dislocation; and to assess whether the size of the rotator cuff injury caused by traumatic dislocation has any influence on the postoperative clinical outcomes. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with traumatic shoulder dislocation and complete rotator cuff injury, with at least two years of follow up, were retrospectively evaluated. For analysis purposes, the patients were divided into groups: presence of fixed Bankart lesion or absence of this lesion, and rotator cuff lesions smaller than 3.0 cm (group A) or greater than or equal to 3.0 cm (group B). All the patients underwent arthroscopic repair of the lesions and were evaluated postoperatively by means of the UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) score and strength measurements. RESULTS: The group with Bankart lesion repair had a postoperative UCLA score of 33.96, while the score of the group without Bankart lesion was 33.7, without statistical significance (p = 0.743). Group A had a postoperative UCLA score of 34.35 and group B, 33.15, without statistical significance (p = 0.416). CONCLUSION: The functional outcomes of the patients who only presented complete rotator cuff tearing after traumatic shoulder dislocation, which underwent arthroscopic repair, were similar to the outcomes of those who presented an associated with a Bankart lesion that was corrected simultaneously with the rotator cuff injury. The extent of the original rotator cuff injury did not alter the functional results in the postoperative evaluation.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desfecho clínico da fixação artroscópica do manguito rotador (MR) e, quando presente, a correção simultânea da lesão de Bankart, causadas por luxação traumática. Avaliar se a dimensão da lesão do MR causada por luxação traumática influenciou nos resultados clínicos pós-operatórios. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 33 pacientes com luxação traumática do ombro e lesão completa do manguito rotador e seguimento mínimo de dois anos. Para fins de análise, os pacientes foram divididos em grupos: presença de lesão de Bankart fixada ou ausência da lesão e lesões do MR menores do que 3 cm (grupo A) ou iguais a ou maiores do que 3 cm (grupo B). Todos foram submetidos a reparo artroscópico das lesões e avaliados, pós-operatoriamente, pelo escore da UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) e medida da força. RESULTADOS: O grupo em que houve o reparo da lesão de Bankart apresentou UCLA pós-operatório de 33,96, em relação ao grupo em que essa lesão não estava presente 33,7, sem significância estatística (p = 0,743). O grupo A apresentou resultado de UCLA pós-operatório de 34,35 e grupo B 33,15, sem significância estatística (p = 0,416). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados funcionais dos pacientes que apresentaram apenas rotura completa do manguito rotador após luxação traumática do ombro, submetidos ao reparo artroscópico, mostrou-se semelhante àqueles que apresentaram associação da lesão de Bankart, corrigida simultaneamente com a lesão do manguito rotador. A extensão da lesão inicial do manguito rotador não alterou os resultados funcionais na avaliação pós-operatória.

Evaluation of functional results from shoulders after arthroscopic repair of complete rotator cuff tears associated with traumatic anterior dislocation / Avaliação dos resultados funcionais dos ombros submetidos ao reparo artroscópico de roturas completas do manguito rotador associadas a luxações traumáticas anteriores

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopic rotator cuff fixation and, when present, simultaneous repair of the Bankart lesion caused by traumatic dislocation; and to assess whether the size of the rotator cuff injury caused by traumatic dislocation has any influence on the postoperative clinical outcomes. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with traumatic shoulder dislocation and complete rotator cuff injury, with at least two years of follow up, were retrospectively evaluated. For analysis purposes, the patients were divided into groups: presence of fixed Bankart lesion or absence of this lesion, and rotator cuff lesions smaller than 3.0 cm (group A) or greater than or equal to 3.0 cm (group B). All the patients underwent arthroscopic repair of the lesions and were evaluated postoperatively by means of the UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) score and strength measurements. RESULTS: The group with Bankart lesion repair had a postoperative UCLA score of 33.96, while the score of the group without Bankart lesion was 33.7, without statistical significance (p = 0.743). Group A had a postoperative UCLA score of 34.35 and group B, 33.15, without statistical significance (p = 0.416). CONCLUSION: The functional outcomes of the patients who only presented complete rotator cuff tearing after traumatic shoulder dislocation, which underwent arthroscopic repair, were similar to the outcomes of those who presented an associated with a Bankart lesion that was corrected simultaneously with the rotator cuff injury. The extent of the original rotator cuff injury did not alter the functional results in the postoperative evaluation.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desfecho clínico da fixação artroscópica do manguito rotador (MR) e, quando presente, a correção simultânea da lesão de Bankart, causadas por luxação traumática. Avaliar se a dimensão da lesão do MR causada por luxação traumática influenciou nos resultados clínicos pós-operatórios. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 33 pacientes com luxação traumática do ombro e lesão completa do manguito rotador e seguimento mínimo de dois anos. Para fins de análise, os pacientes foram divididos em grupos: presença de lesão de Bankart fixada ou ausência da lesão e lesões do MR menores do que 3 cm (grupo A) ou iguais a ou maiores do que 3 cm (grupo B). Todos foram submetidos a reparo artroscópico das lesões e avaliados, pós-operatoriamente, pelo escore da UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) e medida da força. RESULTADOS: O grupo em que houve o reparo da lesão de Bankart apresentou UCLA pós-operatório de 33,96, em relação ao grupo em que essa lesão não estava presente 33,7, sem significância estatística (p = 0,743). O grupo A apresentou resultado de UCLA pós-operatório de 34,35 e grupo B 33,15, sem significância estatística (p = 0,416). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados funcionais dos pacientes que apresentaram apenas rotura completa do manguito rotador após luxação traumática do ombro, submetidos ao reparo artroscópico, mostrou-se semelhante àqueles que apresentaram associação da lesão de Bankart, corrigida simultaneamente com a lesão do manguito rotador. A extensão da lesão inicial do manguito rotador não alterou os resultados funcionais na avaliação pós-operatória.

Preliminary results from osteosynthesis using Ender nails by means of a percutaneous technique, in humeral diaphysis fractures in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the clinical and functional results from treatment of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails. METHODS: Eighteen patients who underwent osteosynthesis of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails were evaluated. In addition to the clinical and radiographic evaluations, patients with a minimum of one year of follow-up were assessed by means of the Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Mayo Clinic and Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) functional scores, and in relation to the degree of satisfaction with the final result. The fixation technique used was by means of an anterograde percutaneous route. RESULTS: All the patients achieved fracture consolidation, after a mean of 2.9 months (ranging from 2 to 4 months). The mean Constant score was 85.7 (ranging from 54 to 100) and the mean ASES score was 95.9 (ranging from 76 to 100). All the patients achieved the maximum score on the Mayo Clinic scale. CONCLUSION: Fixation of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails by means of a percutaneous technique was shown to be a method with promising preliminary results.

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar os resultados clínicos e funcionais do tratamento da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso das hastes de Ender. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 18 pacientes submetidos à osteossíntese da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso da haste de Ender. Além das avaliações clínicas e radiográficas, os pacientes com no mínimo um ano de seguimento foram avaliados pelos escores funcionais de Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (Ases), Mayo Clinic, Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) e quanto ao grau de satisfação com o resultado final. A técnica de fixação usada foi por via anterógrada e percutânea. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes obtiveram consolidação da fratura, com média de 2,9 meses (variação de dois a quatro). A média do Score de Constant foi de 85,7 (variação de 54-100) e a do ASES de 95,9 (variação de 76-100) e todos obtiveram pontuação máxima pelo escore Mayo Clinic. CONCLUSÃO: A fixação das fraturas diafisárias do úmero com o uso da haste de Ender pela técnica percutânea demonstrou ser um método com resultados preliminares promissores.

Bankart arthroscopic procedure: comparative study on use of double or single-thread anchors after a 2-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of anchors with double and single-thread loading in the single-row Bankart arthroscopic procedure. METHODS: 252 patients (258 shoulders) underwent Bankart arthroscopic surgery with evaluation after a minimum follow-up of 2 years. They underwent repairs either using anchors with single loading of a high-resistance non-absorbable braided thread (206 shoulders; group AS) or using double loading of thread with the same characteristics (52 shoulders; group AD). The patients were evaluated using the UCLA and Carter-Rowe scales. The patients' return to sports activity and recurrences were also compared. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the surgical failure rate (group AS 5.8%; group AD 7.7%; p = 0.62). Group AS presented a better mean Carter-Rowe score (group AS 94.4; group AD 88.6; p < 0.05) and greater return to the same sports level (group AS 79.1; group AD 72.1; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Use of anchors with double thread loading did not show any clinical advantage for arthroscopic repair of traumatic anterior shoulder instability, in relation to use of single-thread anchors, over a 2-year follow-up.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o uso de âncoras com carregamento duplo e com carregamento simples de fio no procedimento artroscópico de Bankart com fileira simples. MÉTODOS: Foram submetidos à cirurgia artroscópica de Bankart e avaliados após seguimento mínimo de dois anos 252 pacientes (258 ombros). Foram submetidos a reparo com âncoras com carregamento simples de fio trançado não absorvível de alta resistência 206 ombros (grupo AS) e com âncoras com carregamento duplo com fios de mesmas características 52 (grupo AD). Os pacientes foram avaliados segundo as escalas UCLA e Carter-Rowe. O retorno à atividade esportiva e a recidiva também foram comparados. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos quanto à taxa de falha cirúrgica (grupo AS 5,8%; grupo AD 7,7%; p = 0,62). O grupo AS apresentou melhor Carter-Rowe médio (grupo AS 94,4; grupo AD 88,6; p < 0,05) e maior retorno ao mesmo nível esportivo (grupo AS 79,1; grupo AD 72,1; p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O uso de âncoras com carregamento duplo de fios não demonstrou vantagem clínica no reparo artroscópico da instabilidade anterior traumática do ombro em relação ao uso de âncoras simples no seguimento de dois anos.

Result from arthroscopic surgical treatment of renewed tearing of the rotator cuff of the shoulder.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate function among patients with postoperative recurrence of rotator cuff injuries that was treated arthroscopically (case series) and compare this with function in patients without recurrence (control group); and to compare function among patients with recurrence of rotator cuff injuries that were greater than and smaller than 3 cm. METHODS: This was a retrospective evaluation of patients who underwent arthroscopic revision of rotator cuff injuries using the ASES, Constant & Murley and UCLA scores and a visual analog pain scale, in comparison with patients in a control group who underwent primary rotator cuff repair. RESULTS: The size of the rotator cuff injury recurrence had a statistically significant influence on the result from the arthroscopic surgical treatment. The functional scores showed worse results than those from the first procedure. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic surgical treatment of renewed tearing of rotator cuff injuries showed worse functional scores than those from primary repair of the injury.

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a função de pacientes operados por via artroscópica de recidiva pós-cirúrgica de lesão do manguito rotador (série de casos) e compará-los com aqueles sem recidiva (grupo controle). Comparar a função de pacientes com recidiva de lesões do manguito rotador (MR) maiores e menores do que 3 cm. MÉTODOS: Avaliação retrospectiva de pacientes submetidos a revisão artroscópica das lesões do manguito rotador com o uso dos escores de ASES, Constant e Murley, UCLA e escala analógica de dor e comparação com pacientes do grupo controle submetidos a reparo primário do MR. RESULTADOS: O tamanho da lesão do manguito rotador na recidiva apresentou influência no resultado do tratamento cirúrgico artroscópico com significância estatística. Os escores funcionais mostraram piores resultados quando comparados àqueles do primeiro procedimento. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico artroscópico das rerrupturas de lesões do manguito rotador mostrou piores escores funcionais quando comparado ao reparo primário da lesão.